Cfu x 104g soil in eri waste supplemented soil on 0 day with eisenia foetida as test species fig3. Studies on the amylase and protease activities in eri silkworm. Also, silk is finer and has more of a sheen than other fabrics, and it also doesnt harbor static electricity. This ensures that as soon as the eggs are hatched, the larvae can grab onto the host plant and start feeding. The results on larval raising, cocoon fibres and eggs of the erisilkworms reared on artificial food were the same as those in the case of the erisilkworms reared on fresh leaves of castoroil plant. May 09, 2015 silkworm stops feeding towards the end of fifith in star and starts building the cocoons. Through this method time of harvesting can be reduced. The food provided to silkworms during their rearing affects larval growth, survival rate, cocoon parameters and silk quality gomma, a. Among all the silkworms produced commercially, eri is highly resistant to pebrine in comparison to other silkworms. Sericulture zoology for ias, ifos and other competitive exams. They also fed on kesseru, bor kesseru, gomari, payam, topioca. Eri silk yarn produced by this worm is unique for its typical quality of. The eri silkworm is easier to keep than the mulberry silkworm that produces common silk and feeds on mulberry leaves only because it eats many types of leaves. Historically this is the highly desired fibre which has been used extensively for apparels, home.
Tapioca is also as known as cassava is an important starchy root crops and has been grown in india for more than a century. Silk industry among the taiahoms of assam, india as an. The five ecoraces had similar morphological characters in all development stages. Vishnuvardhan reddy abstract castor, ricinus communis l. Fungal colonies cfu x 104g soil in eri waste supplemented soil after 60 days with eisenia. According to some sources, sericulture was introduced in india. Eri silkworm is polyphagous species and reared mostly on the leaves of castor and kesseru plant. The silkworm first makes a support then spins the cocoon. Silkworm stops feeding towards the end of fifith in star and starts building the cocoons. The larvae becomes transparent, shiny and stops feeding before spinning. Silk is a protein fiber produced by silkworm for spinning cocoon. Eri silkworm fed on abaro registered maximum err 74.
Samia ricini, or the eri silkworm, is raised in india and parts of the orient for its silk. For a long time sericulture was considered to be a national secret by the chinese and its industrial technique was not known in other countries. Saturniidae is known to be reared in different parts of the world with diverse expectations for its silk fibre, food and biomaterials. Besides this wild silkworms like attacus atlas and cricula species are distributed in this region. Techniques of rearing silkworm rearing of eri silkworm, samia ricini donovan rearing house. Screening for eri silkworm samia ricini donovan ecoraces. Effective rate of rearing err, which reveals percentage of the number of cocoons harvested to number of larvae brushed, has also showed a significant difference when eri silkworms were fed on different castor genotypes. Tasar muga eri wild semi domesticated domesticated tropicalsilkworm a. They may be mulberry silkworm, eg bombyx mori family bombycidae, and nonmulberry silk worm, viz the eri, samia cynthia ricini, muga, antheraea assama, and tasar, a. Eri silkworm pdf silk pupa free 30day trial scribd. Sep 21, 2015 however, due to use of different varieties of castor leaves, eri silkworms are susceptible to several growth related problems. The silk worms that produce eri silk feed on castor plants, hence deriving the name eri. The larval growth rate and rearing performance of eri silkworm have also been studied exten. Due to its thermal properties it is warm in winter and cool in summer.
Pdf on aug 23, 2016, edison omollo and others published eri silkworm rearing practices in kenya find, read and cite all the research you. It stays warm during the winter and cool during the summer. The eri silkworm is a polyvoltine wild silkmothmultivotine, and has complete metamorphosis. Abstract pdf vol 4, no 3 2015 articles evaluation of different strains of eri. Screening for eri silkworm samia ricini donovan ecoraces using. Introduction the eri silkworm, philosamia ricini, hutt. The white silk fabric as white as the cultivated silk eri silk is the product of the domesticated silkworm, philosamia ricini that feeds mainly on castor leaves. Since it is the most critical period of its metamorphosis.
To study the nutritional efficiency of erisilkworm the larvae were reared on three food plants viz, kesseru normal, kesseru treated and castor for make a comparison of these separately under laboratory condition at 27. Eri silkworm, philosamia ricini, carica papaya, western editor pdf gratuito espaol. Dec 20, 2015 domesticated eri silkworm samia ricini, reared in many parts of india, japan and china, is a nonmulberry silkworm. However, it has several strains with wide variation in their commercial traits and selection and utilization of best suited strains of this eri silkworm race that adapt to different agroecologies will help to increase silk productivity and profitability. Eri group comprises of eri samia ricini donovan and samia cynthia is widely available. Sericulture was first introduced into china by hoshomin, the queen of china. Applied zoology gelecegi onemseyenler dernegi gonder. Eri silk is a staple fiber, unlike other silks, which are continuous filament.
Rearing performance of erisilkworm samia cynthia ricini. Ericulture eri silkworm farming is an agrobased traditional activity that has. In laboratory study we were used 10 plant species, viz. The selection of eri silkworm ecoraces with high yield and distinct morphological characters is necessary for variety improvement. At the end of larval period, the larvae crawl in search of suitable places to spin cocoons. The quality of cocoon eri silkworm is a polyphagous, multivoltine worm whose primary host is castor. Although there is considerable interest in the biological effects of dnj, the roles of 1deoxynojirimycin dnj in glycometabolism and energy metabolism in insects have received little attention. Silk fiber generally is produced by the mulberry silkworm, bombyx mori, which was domesticated nearly 2,000 years ago in china. Eri silk is called the father of all forms of cultured. There are 26 ecoraces of eri silkworm like borduar, khanapara, kokrajhar, titabar, diphu, genung, nongpoh etc.
Muga silk worm is multivoltine and 56 crops are raised in a year out of which two commercial crops jethua. In their native lands, they are handfed mostly castor bean and tapioca leaves, but will also eat ailanthus and ligustrum. The plinth area 10 m x 5 m size rearing house having tin or thatch roofing with 1. The effect of different constant temperatures 20, 23, 25 and 30 c combined with 70% r. Raising eri silkworms is referred to as ericulture. These have made eri silkworms gain traction with local silk farmers. Life cycle of eri silkworm philosamia ricini fig 1. Effect of temperature on the silk production of the eri. Eri silkworm pupae can be harvested to provide a cost effective alternative edible oil that can be used to nutritional advantage in the food and feed industry. Proceedings of the national workshop on eri food plants, october 1112, 2006, guwahati, india.
After cocooning you can remove them and spin some silk, or you can wait until they hatch they will hatch in about a month. However, due to use of different varieties of castor leaves, eri silkworms are susceptible to several growth related problems. The word eri is inspired from the assamese word era which means castor. The virus replicates in the larva, as indicated by an increased viral loads in the haemolymph upon injection of a. Among the nonmulberry silkworm, the philosamia ricini bsd is the main eri silkworm commonly reared on different host plants in assam, kerala, west bengal and some part of bihar and jharkhand. Silkworm rearing and silk weaving, called sericulture, is an environmentally sustainable agroindustrial activity practiced in four major regions globally, with the highest production in asia and the pacific. The eri silkworm culture adaptation is being practiced in a large scale on the leaves of castor. It is believed that the name eri derived from the word era, which means castor plant. All of these biological aspects were much affected by temperature. Life cycle of tasar silkworm antheraea mylitta fig2. Domesticated eri silkworm samia ricini, reared in many parts of india, japan and china, is a nonmulberry silkworm. Eri silkworm samia ricini, a nonmulberry host system for.
Silk a natural fibre silk often referred to as the queen of textiles is the strongest natural fibre lustrous, smooth, inherent affinity for dyes, vibrant colours, having high absorbent and light weight qualities excellent drape and elastic properties. Silkworm reshompoka name for the larva of any of the lepidopteran insect that produce natural silk of commercial value. Mar 05, 2015 this is the simplest method of mounting of eri silkworm matured worm for formation of good stainless cocoons to get good remunerations. Pdf eri silkworm rearing practices in kenya researchgate. The adult mouth is stout and dark and the wings are darkish brown and white. Silkworm rearing and silk weaving, called sericulture, is an environmentally sustainable agroindustrial activity practiced in four major regions globally, with the. An evaluation of 1deoxynojirimycin oral administration in. Effect of botanical insecticides on the growth and silk. Silkworm spins cocoons prior to pupa tion so as to protect itself from external disturbances and natural enemies. Eri silkworm species being reared was found to be synthia ricini. Eri silk is one of the purest forms of silk that is a true and genuine product of the samia cynthia ricini worm.
Fertilized eri silkworm eggs obtained from tosheka textiles ltd grainages are placed in a rearing box and castor leaf placed on top of the eggs as shown in figure 1. Later, it was introduced into europe and japan by smuggling the secrets from china through travelling monks. Study of physical characteristics of silk fibre of eri. The eri silkworm, samia cynthia ricini highly preferring castor as a host plant followed by tapioca and also the suitability of other alternative host has been found out for the continuous rearing during unseason of crop. Silk is a smooth, shining, fabulous and unique natural fiber produced by several species of silkworm. Eri silkworm is generally hardy and not easily susceptible to diseases. Eri silkworm rearing practices in kenya journal of entomology and. Original article screening for eri silkworm samia ricini donovan ecoraces using morphological characters, growth, yields, and issr marker duanpen wongsorn1, weerasak saksirirat2, 3, sivilai sirimungkararat1, 2, 3, and hathairat urairong4 1 entomology section, department of plant science and agricultural resources, 2 cultivation and product development research group of wild silkmoths and. The present study shows that the eri silkworm larvae are susceptible to intrahaemocoelical inoculation of acmnpv. The female silkworm moth has tiny wings and a large abdomen. Eri the word eri is derived from sanskrit word eranada or endi which mean castor plant is a multivoltine silk spun from openended cocoons, unlike other varieties of silk. Antheraea pernyi saturnidae antheraea yamamai saturnidae antheraea paphia saturnidae antheraea royeli saturnidae iii muga silkworm antheraea assama saturnidae iv eri silk worm philosamia ricini saturnidae 3. Therefore eri silkworm and its host plants offer an excellent example of multiple product crops and of sustainable agricultural practice with excellent opportunity for economic and.
India continues to be the second largest producer of silk in the world. Eri silk, also known as errandi or endi, is derived from the silkworm philosamia ricini and samia ricini. Effect of botanical insecticides on the growth and silk production of ambagoan and lakhimpur strains of eri silkworm, samia cynthia ricini boisduval v. This is the simplest method of mounting of eri silkworm matured worm for formation of good stainless cocoons to get good remunerations. Pdf rearing of eri silkworm samia cynthia ricini boisd. India has the unique distinction of being the only country producing all the five kinds of silk mulberry, eri, muga, tropical tasar and temperate tasar.
Further, the larvae receiving the castor leaves during fifth instar had better growth irrespective of the diet used earlier, i. It is believed that the name eri derived from the word era, which means castor plant in assamese. Their distribution, economic and prospects for exploitation. The progressive growth of eri silkworm was superior when fed on castor. Silk industry among the taiahom of assam, india as an attraction of tourist bandana mahan department of anthropology, gouhati university abstract silk industry is an agro based industry, the end product of which is silk. Tapioca leaves are also good source of protein and are utilized as secondary source of food to rear eri silkworm. Eri silk is a natural fibre harvested from the cocoon of the eri silkworm. Eri silk is darker and heavier than other silks and blends well with wools and cotton. The authors discuss here about the disease and its symptoms and morphology. Eri silkworm samia ricini, a nonmulberry host system. The eri silkworm samia cynthia ricini is a multivoltine domestic moth, reared completely in an indoor environment, and it is a nonmulberry worm producing spun silk, mostly found in the northeastern states of india, especially assam and meghalaya. Eri silkworm rearing practices in kenya edison omollo oduor, lucy ciera, vijay adolkar and odoch pido abstract ericulture eri silkworm farming is an agrobased traditional activity that has played an important role in generating income and employment for people living in.
In this paper, 1 h nuclear magnetic resonance 1 eri silk is a staple fiber, unlike other silks, which are continuous filament. Food plants of eri silkworm, samia ricini donovan their rearing performance and prospects for exploitation. Sericulture zoology for ias, ifos and other competitive. Pdf among all the silkworms produced commercially, eri is highly resistant to pebrine in comparison to other silkworms.
The texture of the fabric is coarse, fine, and dense. Study on morphological characters, life cycle, survival and yields of eri silkworm. Sericulture is an important labourintensive and agrobased cottage industry. Castor plant, one of eri silkworm host plant is readily available in various regions of kenya, growing plentifully in the wild. The eri silkworm rearing at a normal temperature 252 c. Fungal colonies cfu x 104g soil in eri waste supplemented soil on 0 day with perionyx excavatus as test species fig3. The silk is not reelable like bombyx mori, the mulberry silkworm, so it is spun into a yarn which is both soft and durable. Rearing of eri silkworm upper subansiri, arunachal pradesh. Euphorbiaceae is an important nonedible oilseed crop, the leaves. Fungal colonies cfu x 104g soil in eri waste supplemented soil. Nov 14, 2016 eri silkworm is polyphagous species and reared mostly on the leaves of castor and kesseru plant. Evaluation of different strains of eri silkworms samia. Silkworm moths only live for a few days and must mate as soon as they emerge from their cocoons.